A rowid is effectively a 10-byte physical address of a row.

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Every row in a heap-organized table has a rowid unique to this table that corresponds to the physical address of a row piece. For table clusters, rows in different tables that are in the same data block can have the same rowid.

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Oracle Database uses rowids internally for the construction of indexes. For example, each key in a B-tree index is associated with a rowid that points to the address of the associated row for fast access. Physical rowids provide the fastest possible access to a table row, enabling the database to retrieve a row in as little as a single I/O.

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See also

• “Rowid Format” to learn about the structure of a rowid
• “Overview of B-Tree Indexes” to learn about the types and structure of B-tree indexes

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