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ASP.NET Core supports two approaches to creating APIs: a controller-based approach and minimal APIs. A controller-based API is a traditional approach to building APIs in which each endpoint is mapped to a specific controller class. The controller handles the request, performs any necessary business logic, and returns a response.

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Controller-based API

A controller-based web API consists of one or more controller classes that derive from ControllerBase. Following is an example of a controller:

C#

[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class WeatherForecastController : ControllerBase

Web API controllers should typically derive from ControllerBase rather from Controller. Controller derives from ControllerBase and adds support for views, so it’s for handling web pages, not web API requests.

The ControllerBase class provides many properties and methods that are useful for handling HTTP requests. For example, in the following code sample CreatedAtAction returns a 201 status code:

C#

[HttpPost]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status201Created)]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest)]
public ActionResult<Pet> Create(Pet pet)
{
    pet.Id = _petsInMemoryStore.Any() ? 
             _petsInMemoryStore.Max(p => p.Id) + 1 : 1;
    _petsInMemoryStore.Add(pet);

    return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetById), new { id = pet.Id }, pet);
}

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Minimal API

Minimal APIs are a simplified approach for building fast HTTP APIs with ASP.NET Core. You can build fully functioning REST endpoints with minimal code and configuration. Skip traditional scaffolding by declaring API routes and actions. For example, the following code creates an API at the root of the web app that returns the text, “Hello World!”.

C#

var app = WebApplication.Create(args);

app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello World!");

app.Run();

Most APIs accept parameters as part of the route.

C#

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

var app = builder.Build();

app.MapGet("/users/{userId}/books/{bookId}", 
    (int userId, int bookId) => $"The user id is {userId} and book id is {bookId}");

app.Run();

Minimal APIs support the configuration and customization needed to scale to multiple APIs, handle complex routes, apply authorization rules, and control the content of API responses.

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) requests are a way of asking a web server to provide or update a resource. HTTP defines a set of methods for sending requests to a web server. The server responds to the request by sending back the requested resource, or an error message if the resource isn’t available or the request is invalid.

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Learning objectives

After completing this module, you’ll be able to:

• Implement HTTP clients in .NET Core.
• Use HTTP clients to perform safe and unsafe operations.
• Add code to support HTTP operations in an ASP.NET Blazor Web app.

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Special Procurement Vendor Consignment

Consignment means that the material provided to you by a vendor is stored in your warehouse but is still owned by the vendor. A liability toward the vendor only arises when you withdraw material from the consignment stores.

To manage material in the consignment stores, you need the following master data:

• Material master record:If you manage the relevant material as your own material, you do not need to create a new material master record for the consignment material. By using the same material number, you can include the consignment stock in the own unrestricted-use stock of a material.
• Supplier master record
• Purchasing info record:An info record with the info category Consignment must be created for the combination of the consignment supplier and the material.

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Vendor Consignment in Purchasing

To create the consignment info record, use the transaction Create Info Record (ME11) or the corresponding SAP Fiori app. Create the info record for the standard purchasing organization of the plant in which the consignment stock is to be managed, and choose the info category Consignment. If there is just one purchasing organization for the plant, you do not need to use a standard purchasing organization.

Consignment prices can be determined in foreign currency, based on period, and in various units of measure. You can also take advantage of the purchasing condition technique, including the definition of discounts and price or quantity scales.

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Consignment Order

To determine whether a material is procured for consignment stores, enter item category K (Consignment) in a PO.

The following characteristics apply to this item category:

• You must enter a material number.
• You cannot enter a PO price or conditions for the item.
• You require a GR for the item. The GR is posted in the vendor consignment stock and is nonvaluated.
• You cannot enter an invoice for the consignment item.

You can also use item category K in outline agreements and purchase requisitions.

If a material is always procured for the consignment stores of a plant, you can consider this with material requirements planning using a special procurement key in the material master record. This special procurement key means that the system creates a purchase requisition with item category K during the planning run for a demand for this material.

Vendor Consignment Stock

The material that you procure using vendor consignment is managed in a vendor-related special stock, K (consignment vendor). The special stock is updated at storage location level because the material is stored at your company facility.

The consignment stock is not valuated because it still belongs to the vendor. For the consignment stock, the stock types are unrestricted use, in quality inspection, and blocked. The consignment stock is considered when you determine the available stock of a material.

Consignment stock is displayed in various stock evaluations, for example:

• Display Stock Overview app and corresponding transaction Stock Overview (MMBE):In the stock overview, at storage location level, the total of all consignment stocks in this storage location is displayed. With a double-click on this special stock line you see a detailed overview of the consignment stock per consignment vendor.To start the transaction from the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Logistics→Material Management→Inventory Management→Environment→Stock→Stock Overview (MMBE). 
• Consignment Stocks app and corresponding transaction Display Consignment Stocks (MB54):Unlike the stock overview, with this function, you can display consignment stocks for several materials at the same time. It is also possible to evaluate consignment stocks on a supplier-specific basis.To start the transaction from the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Logistics→Material Management→Inventory Management→Environment→Consignment→Consignment from Supplier→Stock (MB54). 
• Stock – Multiple Material app:To select only supplier consignment stock in the app, select the predefined view Stock Value for Sales Supplier Consignment (K). In this view, the filter for the special stock type is already preset with K (Supplier Consignment).

Transfer Postings

For consignment stocks, you can also execute transfer postings and stock transfers. For these goods movements, you must specify the special stock indicator K and the vendor of the consignment material, in addition to the movement types for stock material. These goods movements are also nonvaluated.

GI from the Consignment Stock

You can only post a GI from unrestricted-use consignment stock for consumption. If the consignment material is in stock in quality inspection or in blocked stock, you must first post the consignment material to unrestricted-use stock. You can make withdrawals for samples and scrapping from all three stock types. When entering GIs, you must specify the special stock indicator K and the consignment vendor, in addition to the movement type in all goods movements.

You also have the option of adopting consignment stocks into your own stock. To do this, post a transfer posting with movement type (MvT) 411 and special stock indicator K. Unlike the GI for consumption, this transfer posting causes an increase in the valuated stock and no consumption posting.

Vendor Consignment in Invoice Verification

You must regularly clear liabilities towards the vendor that exist because of the issues from the vendor consignment stock. The consignment goods are settled without invoice receipts because the vendor cannot trace the goods withdrawal directly. The vendor can only manage the consignment stock with the deliveries from the vendor, and with your payments.

To settle consignment withdrawals, on the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics→Materials Management→Logistics Invoice Verification→Automatic Settlement→Consignment and Pipeline Settlement (MRKO).

Obtain a report with which you can display settled and nonsettled consignment withdrawals and settle the nonsettled withdrawals. Possible selection criteria include company code, plant, vendor, material, document date, posting date of the withdrawal, and the material document number.

The system creates a message with message type KONS, in addition to the settlement document, so that you can inform the vendor about the settled withdrawals and the credit memo amount.

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When an ASP.NET Core app receives an HTTP request, the code handling the request sometimes needs to access other services. For example, a Blazor component might need to access a service that fetches data from a database. ASP.NET Core uses a built-in dependency injection (DI) container to manage the services that an app uses.

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Example scenario

Suppose you’re an entry-level ASP.NET Core developer at a small company. Your team is building a new web app. The requirements accessing and displaying a customer welcome message to the user on the welcome page. Your team lead asked you to configure the necessary services for accessing the data so they can be used from the web UI components.

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What will we be doing?

In this module, you use the .NET SDK to create a boilerplate ASP.NET Core web application. After ensuring it runs correctly, you’ll implement an in-memory service to generate the welcome message. You’ll then use the built-in dependency injection container to inject the service where needed.

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What is the main goal?

By the end of the module, you’ll be able to create an ASP.NET Core web application that uses the built-in dependency injection container to manage services. You’ll also be able to describe the benefits of using dependency injection in an ASP.NET Core app.

Your goal was to write code that displayed simple messages to an output console while familiarizing yourself with the syntax. You wrote your first lines of code using basic C# syntax. You learned two techniques for displaying literal-string data to the console. You also learned what to look for when you come across an error in your code. And lastly, you identified C# syntax elements like classes and methods, and the purpose of several special symbols that are known as operators. You’ve taken your first steps towards building more sophisticated applications.

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Get a free verified certification

Microsoft and freeCodeCamp.org offer a training and certification combo on foundational C#. By completing this Learn module, you’re already started. Explore freeCodeCamp’s Foundational C# with Microsoft certification here: https://aka.ms/csharp-certification.

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In this module, you set up your development environment to create and build ASP.NET Core web apps. You then completed these steps:

• Reviewed the ASP.NET Core default project templates available in the .NET SDK.
• Created an ASP.NET Core web app project from a template.
• Examined the structure of the created project.
• Ran your web app locally and viewed it in a browser.
• Reviewed how the web app is served.
• Made code changes to the app during local development.

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Congratulations on building your first ASP.NET Core web app!

Learn more

• ASP.NET Core docs
• ASP.NET Core fundamentals overview

Learn more with a .NET beginner video series

• C# 101
• Blazor for Beginners
• Web APIs for Beginners
• Xamarin 101

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Looking for more information?

• C# documentation
• .NET documentation

Ready to build something?

• Build mobile apps with Xamarin.Forms
• Create a web UI with ASP.NET Core
• Create a web API with ASP.NET Core Controllers
• Build a web app with Blazor

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Find more resources and ways to connect

• .NET Developer Community
• .NET Live TV

In this module, you learned:

• ASP.NET Core is a comprehensive web development framework within the .NET ecosystem.
• ASP.NET Core is a modern full stack web UI framework based on HTML, CSS, and C#.
• How the modular architecture of ASP.NET Core allows you to quickly construct a modern web app to fit your specific needs.
• Criteria to help decide whether to choose ASP.NET Core for your next web app project.

Are you ready to build your first ASP.NET Core web app? Continue on to the next module to get started.

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Blazor is a fully featured web UI framework designed to handle the needs of most modern web apps. But whether Blazor is the right framework for you depends on many factors.

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You should consider using Blazor for web development if:

• You’re looking for a highly productive full stack web development solution.
• You need to deliver web experiences quickly without the need for a separate frontend development team.
• You’re already using .NET, and you want to apply your existing .NET skills and resources on the web.
• You need a high-performance and highly scalable backend to power your web app.

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Blazor might not be a good fit if:

• You need to fully optimize download size and load time of client-side assets.
• You need to integrate heavily with a different frontend framework ecosystem.
• You need to support older web browsers that don’t support the modern web platform.

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Various Evaluations for Reservations

Various functions are available in SAP S/4HANA for selecting reservations.

• SAP Fiori app Manage Manuel Reservations
• SAP Fiori app Manage Reservation Items
• SAP Fiori app Display Reservation List or the corresponding SAP GUI transaction MB25 (Reservation List)
• SAP Fiori app Manage Reservations or the corresponding SAP GUI transaction MBVR (Manage Reservations)
• SAP GUI transaction MB26 (Pick List)

Manage Manuel Reservations App and Manage Reservation Items App

Note the following for these apps:

In the Manage Manual Reservations app, the results list contains one entry for each selected reservation. For example, you can see in the list how many items the reservation contains and how many of them are marked as Completed. Details of individual items are not shown in the list.

With the Manage Manual Reservations app, only manually created reservations can be selected. Dependent reservations, such as reservations for a production order are not selected.

To create a list of individual reservation items, use the Manage Reservation Items app.

In both apps, different filter criteria are available to restrict the selection.

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Reservation List Inventory Management

The Reservation List provides another option for evaluating reservations at item level. You can call this function via the SAP Fiori app Display Reservation List or the SAP GUI transaction MB25 (Reservation List).

Various criteria are available in this report for selecting reservations, such as:

• Material
• Requirement date
• User name (created by)
• Goods recipient
• Account assignment (such as cost center, order, work breakdown structure element)

The report issues a list with reservation items according to the selection. Receipt reservations are highlighted in yellow. For each reservation item, a variety of detailed information is displayed. Among other things, the following values are shown:

• Reservation number and item
• Material
• Requirements quantity
• Movement type
• Account assignment
• Requirement date
• Difference quantity between the reserved and already reduced quantity

If you require further data and want to evaluate it in detail, enhance the current layout or select another existing layout by choosing (Menu)→Settings→Layout.

To display a reservation from the list, double-click the reservation number. If you double-click the reservation item, you can see the details of this item.

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Reservation Management

With the Reservation Management report, you can set the Movement Allowed indicator for reservations created manually through a mass change. You can also delete reservations with the reservation management report. You can call this function via the SAP Fiori app Manage Reservations or the SAP GUI transaction MBVR (Manage Reservations).

The base date is of double importance in this report. On the one hand, the base date serves as a selection value. This means that only reservations that have a base date in the reservation header less than or equal to this date are taken into account for further processing. On the other hand, it is used to calculate the time intervals used in the two functions (mass change and deletion of reservations).

Picking Lists for Reservations (Transaction MB26)

The picking list enables you to enter and post goods movements for several reservations in one processing step. When generating a picking list, you can select according to reservations, material and account assignments, and production orders.

Before posting, you can change the entry quantity for each item, set the Final Issue Affected indicator, and if necessary, enter a storage location. To determine the stocks to be posted for stock transfers and GIs, you can call up stock determination by choosing Goto→Stock Determination, and batch determination by choosing Environment→Batch Management→Batch Determination. If it is necessary to split an item for a goods movement, choose Edit→Splitting.

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In this unit, you’ll finish the Pizza List page by adding a form to create new pizzas. You’ll also add page handlers to handle the form submission and deletion of pizzas.

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Add a form to create new pizzas

Let’s start by adding properties to the PizzaListModel class to represent the user’s input. You’ll add the appropriate page handler, too.

1. Open Pages\PizzaList.cshtml.cs and add the following property to the PizzaListModel class:C#[BindProperty] public Pizza NewPizza { get; set; } = default!; In the preceding code:
   • A property named NewPizza is added to the PizzaListModel class.
     • NewPizza is a Pizza object.
   • The BindProperty attribute is applied to the NewPizza property.
     • The BindProperty attribute is used to bind the NewPizza property to the Razor page. When an HTTP POST request is made, the NewPizza property will be populated with the user’s input.
   • The NewPizza property is initialized to default!.
     • The default! keyword is used to initialize the NewPizza property to null. This prevents the compiler from generating a warning about the NewPizza property being uninitialized.
2. Now add the page handler for HTTP POST. In the same file, add the following method to the PizzaListModel class:C#public IActionResult OnPost() { if (!ModelState.IsValid || NewPizza == null) { return Page(); } _service.AddPizza(NewPizza); return RedirectToAction("Get"); } In the preceding code:
   • The ModelState.IsValid property is used to determine if the user’s input is valid.
     • The validation rules are inferred from attributes (such as Required and Range) on the Pizza class in Models\Pizza.cs.
     • If the user’s input is invalid, the Page method is called to re-render the page.
   • The NewPizza property is used to add a new pizza to the _service object.
   • The RedirectToAction method is used to redirect the user to the Get page handler, which will re-render the page with the updated list of pizzas.
3. Save the file. If you’re using GitHub Codespaces, the file saves automatically.
4. Return to the terminal running dotnet watch and press Ctrl+R to reload the app.

Now that there’s a page handler to handle the form submission, let’s add the form to the Razor Page.

1. Open Pages\PizzaList.cshtml and replace the <!-- New Pizza form will go here --> with the following code:razor<form method="post"> <div asp-validation-summary="ModelOnly" class="text-danger"></div> <div class="form-group"> <label asp-for="NewPizza.Name" class="control-label"></label> <input asp-for="NewPizza.Name" class="form-control" /> <span asp-validation-for="NewPizza.Name" class="text-danger"></span> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label asp-for="NewPizza.Size" class="control-label"></label> <select asp-for="NewPizza.Size" class="form-control" id="PizzaSize"> <option value="">-- Select Size --</option> <option value="Small">Small</option> <option value="Medium">Medium</option> <option value="Large">Large</option> </select> <span asp-validation-for="NewPizza.Size" class="text-danger"></span> </div> <div class="form-group form-check"> <label class="form-check-label"> <input class="form-check-input" asp-for="NewPizza.IsGlutenFree" /> @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.NewPizza.IsGlutenFree) </label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label asp-for="NewPizza.Price" class="control-label"></label> <input asp-for="NewPizza.Price" class="form-control" /> <span asp-validation-for="NewPizza.Price" class="text-danger"></span> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input type="submit" value="Create" class="btn btn-primary" /> </div> </form> In the preceding code:
   • The asp-validation-summary attribute is used to display validation errors for the entire model.
   • Each form field (<input> and <select> elements) and each <label> is bound to the corresponding NewPizza property using the asp-for attribute.
   • The asp-validation-for attribute is used to display any validation errors for each form field.
   • The @Html.DisplayNameFor method is used to display the display name for the IsGlutenFree property. This is a Razor helper method that’s used to display the display name for a property. Doing the label this way ensures that the checkbox is selected when the user clicks the label.
   • A submit button labeled Create is added to the form to post the form data to the server. At runtime, when the user selects this Create button, the browser sends the form as an HTTP POST request to the server.
2. At the bottom of the page, add the following code:razor@section Scripts { <partial name="_ValidationScriptsPartial" /> } This injects the client-side validation scripts into the page. The client-side validation scripts are used to validate the user’s input before the form is submitted to the server.
3. Save the file. In the browser, the Pizza List page refreshes with the new form. If you’re using GitHub Codespaces, the file saves automatically, but you’ll need to refresh the browser tab manually.
4. Enter a new pizza and select the Create button. The page should refresh and display the new pizza in the list.

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Add a page handler to delete pizzas

There’s one last piece to add to the Pizza List page: a page handler to delete pizzas. The buttons to delete pizzas are already on the page, but they don’t do anything yet.

1. Back in Pages\PizzaList.cshtml.cs, add the following method to the PizzaListModel class:C#public IActionResult OnPostDelete(int id) { _service.DeletePizza(id); return RedirectToAction("Get"); } In the preceding code:
   • The OnPostDelete method is called when the user clicks the Delete button for a pizza.
     • The page knows to use this method because the asp-page-handler attribute on the Delete button in Pages\PizzaList.cshtml is set to Delete.
   • The id parameter is used to identify the pizza to delete.
     • The id parameter is bound to the id route value in the URL. This is accomplished with the asp-route-id attribute on the Delete button in Pages\PizzaList.cshtml.
   • The DeletePizza method is called on the _service object to delete the pizza.
   • The RedirectToAction method is used to redirect the user to the Get page handler, which will re-render the page with the updated list of pizzas.
2. Save the file. If you’re using GitHub Codespaces, the file saves automatically.
3. Test the Delete button for a pizza. The page should refresh and the selected pizza should be removed from the list.

Congratulations! You’ve successfully created a Razor Page that displays a list of pizzas, allows the user to add new pizzas, and also allows the user to delete pizzas.

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